The walls of the lower floor of the gallery are lined with rusticated Pudost stone and pierced with arched multi-leaf windows. The lower floor serves as the base for the colonnade above, consisting of 44 white corrugated columns with Ionic capitals. Deviating from the usual ratio of the height of the columns and the space between them, Charles Cameron slightly increased the gaps, giving the colonnade a special lightness and grace.

The Empress often walked along the gallery, said that she loved it, and often admired the views that opened up from there. Alone, surrounded by busts of great predecessors, she would think over the fate of the world. The sculptural collection, which adorned the Cameron Gallery at the behest of Catherine II, embodied a well-thought-out ideological program and constituted a single cycle that reflected the philosophy of the great Empress.