According to the decree of Peter I, a marine hospital was opened on the Vyborg side in 1715, and in 1719, a little to the West, a land hospital was opened. For them, D. Trezzini built two-storey stone buildings 300 meters long on the banks of the Neva River by 1724-1726. Between the buildings, the architect conceived a large Church "with two bell towers", laid on October 18, 1734 in honor of the «healing of the weakened». However, the construction had not been completed.

Church of St. app. Peter and Paul was issued only in 1818. From 1863 to 1869, the entire "Petrovsky complex" was reconstructed (according to the project of G. S. Voynitsky). The hospital Church was also redone: it became two-light and received a new iconostasis. In 1892-1893, a stone chapel for funeral services was built in the Russian-Byzantine style according to the project of P. I. Balinsky. The sculpture was executed by D. I. Jensen. The Church kept a double-sided icon with the relics of St. Sergius of Radonezh and four silver lamps – a gift from Catherine II. The throne was decorated with silver clothing made at the beginning of the XVIII century. In 1922, the Church was closed.

In 2015, the revival of the Temple began.